How Do Vaccines Work?: Viruses & Vaccines: Crash Course Biology #39

From the flu to COVID-19, viruses are a major threat in our everyday lives. In today’s episode of Crash Course Biology, we’ll learn why viruses are like genes in a box, and how they invade and spread between cells. We’ll also discover how vaccines and medicines help our bodies fight back. Introduction: Discovering Viruses What We Have in Common With Viruses Evolutionary Theories of Viruses Hosts & Infection Retroviruses Vaccines Dr. Quarraisha Abdool Karim & Antivirals Review & Credits This series was produced in collaboration with HHMI BioInteractive, committed to empowering educators and inspiring students with engaging, accessible, and quality classroom resources. Visit https://BioInteractive.org/CrashCourse for more information. Check out our Biology playlist here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8dPuuaLjXtPW_ofbxdHNciuLoTRLPMgB Watch this series in Spanish on our Crash Course en Español channel here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLkcbA0DkuFjWQZzjwF6w_gUrE_5_d3vd3 Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1GLDtAXE6ekg4Chk2qN3TYbNt0pJbyaHqTqRd6QY8pd4/edit?usp=sharing *** Crash Course is on Patreon! You can support us directly by signing up at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: Leah H., David Fanska, Andrew Woods, DL Singfield, Ken Davidian, Stephen Akuffo, Toni Miles, Steve Segreto, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Laurel Stevens, Burt Humburg, Perry Joyce, Scott Harrison, Mark & Susan Billian, Alan Bridgeman, Breanna Bosso, Matt Curls, Jennifer Killen, Jon Allen, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, team dorsey, Bernardo Garza, Trevin Beattie, Eric Koslow, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Jason Rostoker, Siobhán, Ken Penttinen, Nathan Taylor, Barrett & Laura Nuzum, Les Aker, William McGraw, Vaso, ClareG, Rizwan Kassim, Constance Urist, Alex Hackman, Pineapples of Solidarity, Katie Dean, Stephen McCandless, Wai Jack Sin, Ian Dundore, Caleb Weeks __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/thecrashcourse/ Facebook - http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Twitter - http://www.twitter.com/TheCrashCourse CC Kids: http://www.youtube.com/crashcoursekids


View on YouTube.

The program that brought Nazis to America - Brian Crim

Dig into Operation Paperclip, a secret intelligence program which brought scientists from Nazi Germany to the US after WWII. -- In May of 1945 the Third Reich was in chaos. Adolf Hitler was dead and German surrender was imminent. But while World War II was almost over, a new war was brewing. And the US was eager to recruit the smartest minds in Germany before the Soviets got the chance— regardless of their affiliation with the Nazis. This became known as Operation Paperclip. Brian Crim digs into the clandestine campaign. Lesson by Brian Crim, directed by Jeff Le Bars, JetPropulsion.space. Support Our Non-Profit Mission ---------------------------------------------- Support us on Patreon: http://bit.ly/TEDEdPatreon Check out our merch: http://bit.ly/TEDEDShop ---------------------------------------------- Connect With Us ---------------------------------------------- Sign up for our newsletter: http://bit.ly/TEDEdNewsletter Follow us on Facebook: http://bit.ly/TEDEdFacebook Find us on Twitter: http://bit.ly/TEDEdTwitter Peep us on Instagram: http://bit.ly/TEDEdInstagram ---------------------------------------------- Keep Learning ---------------------------------------------- View full lesson: https://ed.ted.com/lessons/the-program-that-brought-nazis-to-america-brian-crim Dig deeper with additional resources: https://ed.ted.com/lessons/the-program-that-brought-nazis-to-america-brian-crim/digdeeper Animator's website: https://jetpropulsion.space ---------------------------------------------- Thank you so much to our patrons for your support! Without you this video would not be possible! Mi Mi, Thomas Rothert, Brian Elieson, Oge O, Weronika Falkowska, Nevin Spoljaric, Sid Chanpuriya, Anoop Varghese, David Yastremski, Noah Webb, Roberto Chena, Oliver Koo, Luke Pisano, Andrea Gordon, Aleksandar Donev, Nicole Klau Ibarra, Jesse Lira, Ezekiel Raui, Petr Vacek, Dennis, Olivia Fu, Kari Teffeau, Cindy Lai, Rajath Durgada Manjunath, Dan Nguyen, Chin Beng Tan, Tom Boman, Karen Warner, Iryna Panasiuk, Aaron Torres, Eric Braun, Sonja Worzewski, Michael Clement, Adam Berry, Ghaith Tarawneh, Nathan Milford, Tomas Beckett, Alice Ice, Eric Berman, Kurt Paolo Sevillano, Jennifer Heald, Megulo Abebe, isolwi, Kate Sem, Ujjwal Dasu, Angel Alberici, Minh Quan Dinh, Sylvain, Terran Gimpel and Talia Sari.


View on YouTube.

Watch Ferns Get Freaky | Deep Look

Look at the underside of a fern leaf. Those rows of orange clusters aren’t tiny insects; they’re spores waiting to be catapulted away. Once a spore lands, it grows into a tiny plant, from which fern sperm swim away, searching for an egg to fertilize. Think of *that* next time you’re hiking in the forest. Is There a Quick Fix for Ocean Acidification? : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PqFwRMgvMVY&list=PLnNZYWyBGJ1F8ofFm4H9UTrHxqU8zngK4&index=5 PBS EARTH MONTH PLAYLIST: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLnNZYWyBGJ1F8ofFm4H9UTrHxqU8zngK4 DEEP LOOK is an ultra-HD (4K) short video series created by KQED in San Francisco and presented by PBS Digital Studios. See the unseen at the very edge of our visible world. Explore big scientific mysteries by going incredibly small. --- Each of the clusters on the fern leaf is called a sorus. Within each sorus are wormlike structures called sporangia, which are filled with spores. If you look at a sporangium under a microscope, you see it has an outer ring filled with water. When the spores mature and it’s warm outside, that water starts to evaporate. The ring shrinks and bends back, making the sporangium crack open. Then the ring jerks forward, hurling out the spores. A single fern launches millions of spores. Each one grows into a tiny plant about as big as a pea, known as a gametophyte. But gametophytes aren’t baby ferns. Instead, their job is to make eggs and sperm in specialized organs. When it rains or the environment is moist, that’s when ferns mate: Fern sperm swim away on a film of water to find eggs to fertilize. The fertilized eggs then grow into ferns. ---So, do ferns have seeds? No, ferns don’t make seeds or flowers. ---+ Find a transcript on KQED Science: https://www.kqed.org/science/1992380/watch-ferns-get-freaky ---+ More great Deep Look episodes: The Secret Lives of Plants playlist: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLdKlciEDdCQDqukAqdb99nhvMiJulSYxL&si=r6adLEy03FdHH7JK Busy Bees and Other Pollinators playlist: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLdKlciEDdCQCfoI8E24mbuk259unmiwG9&si=RD3TIO2qtNXvUoog ---+ Shoutout! 🏆Congratulations🏆 to these ___ fans on our Deep Look Community Tab for correctly answering our GIF challenge! https://www.youtube.com/post/Ugkxk4ee1xCg-VW4zIarOoprTVaAaVYx-akS @hunterbrock3349 @lionparcelpalagan7515 @Ischemiaa @leprifacioncustard4921 @markembeck7099 ---+ Thank you to our top Patreon supporters ($10+ per month)! Burt Humburg Max Paladino Karen Reynolds Daisuke Goto Chris B Emrick Wade Tregaskis David Deshpande Laurel Przybylski Cristen Rasmussen Mark Jobes El Samuels Carrie Mukaida Cho Minsung Jessica Hiraoka Louis O'Neill Elizabeth Ann Ditz Noreen Herrington Jeremiah Sullivan Levi Cai Drspaceman0 Titania Juang Roberta K Wright The Mighty X R B BulletproofFrog Jellyman Mehdi 吳怡彰 SueEllen McCann KW xkyoirre wormy boi ---+ Follow Deep Look and KQED Science on social: https://www.tiktok.com/@deeplookofficial https://www.patreon.com/deeplook Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/kqedscience/ Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/kqedscience ---+ About KQED KQED, an NPR and PBS member station in San Francisco, serves Northern California and beyond with a public-supported alternative to commercial TV, radio and web media. Funding for Deep Look is provided in part by PBS Digital Studios and the members of KQED. #ferns


View on YouTube.

Measuring Distance to Sun

Using simple tools (a sextant) I measure the angle between the moon and sun at the moment of the first quarter of the moon. I use this information to find the distnace to the sun from my back yard. Donate to the Observatory Dome Fund! https://www.paypal.com/donate/?hosted_button_id=WGCJ3CQUSA586 Bob's Websites Check them OUT: Bob the Science Guy: https://www.youtube.com/user/drbob420 ResearchFlatMoon (the production channel): https://www.youtube.com/c/ResearchFlatMoon Slide Rules and Mathematics (STEM Education): https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEXa89aIdG222z8ADB0e7GA Shamrock Banks Observatory: https://www.youtube.com/c/CommonSenseScience Please consider becoming a Patreon of the Channel- All money donated through paypal or from the patreons goes directly into improvements in the channel (computers, cameras, lights etc) or to create educational videos (sextants, telescope equipment, etc). https://www.patreon.com/bobthescienceguy Bob Join our Discord Channel at https://discord.gg/QwcFct7DWc


View on YouTube.

We dropped a camera robot on a BLUE WHALE!!

Watch my mission with Planet Wild: We deploy a $17,000 camera tag on the largest animal ever! ➡️ https://www.planetwild.com/besmart/14 Another YouTube #shorts from your favorite science dad, Dr. Joe Join us on Patreon! https://patreon.com/itsokaytobesmart Instagram http://www.instagram.com/DrJoeHanson http://www.instagram.com/okaytobesmart


View on YouTube.

Meet Penelope the Porcupine! | #DeepLook #Shorts

Meet Penelope the North American porcupine, the star of our episode, "Porcupines Give You 30,000 Reasons to Back Off". Learn more about these prickly animals, their unique quills and how they've inspired some cool new medical technology here 👉 https://youtu.be/ZphlCdI2yqA?si=5kFsiFfTXDAa5jFa And join us at patreon.com/deeplook to receive our special, limited edition acorn weevil pint glass if you support us for $10/month before April 15, 2024! Look Busy by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ #deeplook #porcupine #shorts


View on YouTube.

@DeleteLawz1984 Is NOT Having A Good Time IN JAIL! Chille DeCastard Updates Us From Jail!

Special Thanks To My Sponsor, EKSTER https://partner.ekster.com/teamskeptic USE CODE - SKEPTIC - FOR AN ADDITIONAL DISCOUNT!!! Skeptic Donation : https://paypal.me/TeamSkepticYT No donation is necessary, but all donations are appreciated! Thank you!


View on YouTube.